Mad Scientist Club

Physics of Electrolysis in a Beer Mug

It is possible to generate hydrogen (H2) and Oxygen (O2) gas bubbles on a cathode and anode placed in a conductive solution of water with salts or other compounds. My first experiences/observations were conducted in a Beer Mug during a meeting of the Mad Scientist Club of Northern New Mexico.  This can be accomplished at low Direct Current (DC) voltages and amperages.   However, the gas bubbles will continue to cling or adhere to those charged surfaces unless you greatly increase voltage and/or amperage to liberate those bubbles.  If you use your fingers or other device to wipe those bubbles off and new bubbles will instantly be formed.  You can conclude that the “Cling Factor” delays the continuous flow of gas bubbles and this effect needs to be studied further.  I propose to make an underwater scale to measure the cling force on both the cling factor on horizontal and vertical surfaces as well as flat plate and wires and other geometries to determine that strength of this force in various solutions.  To my knowledge no one to date has quantified this force, (gas bubbles in water Cling Factor).   I have also observed that other sources of energy can release the gas bubbles such as: ultra-sonic waves, radio waves, intense light.  I had a waking dream vision years ago of a religious nature, where I was shown an elliptical device that would fit between two human hands that would have at it’s two centers blue lights with the electrodes (cathode and anode) wound around those lamps. Water vapor spectral lamps give of blue light, Oxygen spectrum lamps also give off blue light, and Hydrogen spectral lamps give of a red light.  In the Physics of the natural world, a good emitter of energy is also a good absorber, in all regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.  The lamps would be stimulated by radio-waves (kilohertz range?, microwave range?) and internally would have some uranium glass or other minor isotopes to stimulate/initiate the internal plasma light.  Using radio-waves at Rife frequencies (natural resonant frequencies of water) they would oscillate both the water and the gas to shake the bubbles free of the hard surfaces and thereby generate a free flowing stream of gas.  Each lamp might be excited with slightly different frequencies so as to create infrasonic or very low frequency /beat frequencies to help shake free the clinging gas bubbles.

To prevent internal explosions which can occur in the presence of platinum and electromagnetic forces a BLIV (boiling liquid instant vaporization)type prevention system of stacked plates with small tapered holes (fluid diodes, similar to Nikola Tesla’s design, of a funnel, feeding into a funnel) to direct the gasses upward away from the active wet cell region.  [NOTE: I have used multiple funnel fluid diodes on my water computer water fountain which I built for the late Dr. Frank Oppenheimer (Exploratorium Museum, San Francisco, California and funded by the National Science Foundation).  The Water Tulip Fountain was displayed for 8 years and ended about the time the Disney water fountain design department took interest.] 

If the gasses are allowed to remain mixed such as in a BROWN’s GAS, a separation barrier need not be installed between electrodes, but the gas must then be directly fed into the burner or engine to be consumed.  Storage of mixed gasses is not possible at this time without a resulting explosion.  If the gases are to be stored, a vertical separation barrier and two top mounted funnels above the elliptical chamber wet cell water line to direct the Hydrogen and Oxygen into compression pumps and storage tanks or store only the Hydrogen in a metallic sponge of titanium hydride.   Titanium hydride can store large amounts of Hydrogen gas indefinitely and waste heat from an engine or burner can be used to cook out the hydrogen trapped gas from the reusable metallic sponge.   There is also a possibility of making  wet steam using the oxygen and/or oxygen saturated water, so that the re-introduction of the stored Hydrogen into a combustion fuel cell shall produce heated steam, converting the H2 and O2 back into water.   Currently there is a company in Angle Fire, New Mexico; that produces oxygenated waters for the health supplement market.  Waste heat in fuel cells is an ongoing problem and there is a company, Manhattan Scientifics, in Los Alamos, New Mexico, researching portable micro fuel cells.  They are still battling this problem, which has caused plastic melt down in cell phones and laptops computers with the byproduct of water in/near electronic circuits.  Using fluidic (fluid electronic) technology to mechanically vibrate still water and the use of magnetic stirrers or electro-magnetic water bond shredders, the flow or ionic exchange between the cathode (+) and anodes (-) will increase, while also reducing the “Cling Factor”.  Trapped in an elliptical cavity, the resonance would be sustained, reducing the overall energy requirements, allowing for more gas production with less energy.  By using a combination of energies, geometries and solutions of water containing easily obtainable salts or other compounds, shall make hydrogen power affordable and accessible to all in need of ENERGY FREEDOM, to heat their homes and factories, and power their transportation systems.  H2 and O2 gases can also be used for brazing and welding and metal cutting using only salt, water and electricity.  Oxygen enriched environments kill mold, mildew, bacteria and viruses, creating a healthier environment in water and in air.  Most people cannot afford to replace their current cars and trucks or to replace their central heating systems.  Intermediate devices, should be add-ons, using wasted energy of braking/stopping to supplement their gas and oil, saving money.  Such intermediate and future technology would create new jobs and new work, which creates new wealth and energy savings and healthier environment. (Note: water can be pumped from deep wells by converting into component gasses that float to the surface and energy recovered. Once the process is started only the lost energy will need to be replaced.)